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Are you preparing for Python interviews?
Or just curious to know how much Python you know?
Here we cover your problems with questions and answers.
The article will help you understand what pop in of question you might face in interviews.
Or helps you evaluate your Python skills.
check that your answer the questions before seeing the answers to evaluate yourself accurately.
Without any further ado, lets dive into the questions.
The questions are divided into different sections based on the pop in of topics.
Each section has questions along with curated answers.
You may modify the answer with your own language with the same meaning.
So, the interviewer wont feel that you are reading something.
What is Python?
Answer:Python is an interpreted high-level, general-purpose programming language.
We can build almost any bang out of app using Python with third-party libraries and frameworks.
Python is one of the most popular programming languages in advanced technologies likeAI, Data Science, etc.
What is the main difference between an interpreter and a compiler?
Is Python statically typed or dynamically typed language?
Answer:Python is a dynamically typed language.
What do you mean by dynamically typed language?
Answer:Dynamically typed languages check the types of variables atrun-time.
Some dynamically typed languages are Python, JavaScript, Ruby, etc.
Bonus:Statically typed languages check the types of variables atcompile-time.
Answer:Python has simpler and easy-to-learn syntax.
It may look similar to English.
The community of developers for Python is huge.
We can find many third-party packages to work with different types of program development.
What applications did you build using Python?
Answer:I have written multiple automation scripts to eliminate repetitive and boring tasks.
And scripts to get info about product prices, availability, etc.
I have also worked with the frameworks like Django, Flask to build web applications.
And build some web applications using both Django and Flask.
Note:The above answer is an example.
Your answer may be completely different from the one above.
make a run at explain different areas that you have worked on using Python.
Show the applications if they are available.
What are the built-in data types in Python?
Answer:There are multiples built-in data types in Python.
They areint, float, complex, bool, list, tuple, set, dict, str.
Note: You dont have to tell all the data types present in Python.
Mention some of them you mostly use.
The interviewer may ask questions based on your answer.
Both list and tuple are used to store the collection of objects.
What are mutable and immutable data types?
Answer:Mutable data types can be changed after creating them.
Some of the mutable objects in Python arelist, set, dict.
Immutable data types cant be changed after creating them.
Some of the immutable objects in Python arestr, tuple.
Explain some methods of the list.
Answer:
1.append the method is used to add an element to the list.
It adds the element to the end of the list.
2.pop the method is used to remove an element from the list.
3.remove the method is used to remove an element from the list.
We need to provide the element as an argument that we want to remove from the list.
It removes the first occurrence of the element from the list.
4.sort the method used to sort the list in ascending or descending order.
5.reverse the method is used to reverse the list elements.
Just explain two or three methods that you mostly use.
Explain some methods of string.
1.split the method is used to split the string at desired points.
It returns the list as a result.
By default, it splits the string at spaces.
We can provide the delimiter as an argument for the method.
2.join the method is used to combine the list of string objects.
It combines the string objects with the delimiter we provide.
Answer:The index is used to reach the element from the lists.
Normal indexing of the list starts from0.
Similar to normal indexing, negative indexing is also used to dive into the elements from the lists.
But, negative indexing allows us to reach the index from the end of the list.
The start of the negative indexing is-1.
Explain some methods of dict.
1.items the method returnskey: valuepairs of dictionaries as a list of tuples.
2.pop the method is used to remove thekey: valuepair from the dictionary.
It accepts the key as an argument and removes it from the dictionary.
Note: Some other methods ofdictare:get, keys, values, clear,etc.
What is slicing in Python?
Answer:Slicing is used to pull up the subarray from a sequence data jot down.
It returns the data from the sequence data key in based on the arguments we provide.
It returns the same data punch in as the source data punch in.
Slicing accepts three arguments.
They are thestart index,end index, andincrement step.
The syntax of slicing isvariable[start:end:step].
Arguments are not mandatory for slicing.
Which data types allow slicing?
Answer:We can use slicing onlist, tuple,andstrdata types.
What are unpacking operators in Python?
How to use them?
Answer:The * and ** operators are unpacking operators in Python.
The ** unpacking operator is used withdictdata types.
The unpacking in dictionaries doesnt work like unpacking with sequence data types.
The unpacking in dictionaries is mostly used to copykey: valueitems from one dictionary to another.
Note:you’re able to refer tothis articlefor more info on these operators.
Does Python have switch statements?
Answer:No, Python doesnt have switch statements.
How do you implement the functionality of switch statements in Python?
Answer:We can implement the functionality of switch statements usingifandelifstatements.
What is break and continue statements?
break the break statement is used to terminate the running loop.
The execution of the code will jump to the outside of the break loop.
continue the continue statement is used to skip the execution of the remaining code.
When is the code in else executed with while and for loops?
Answer:The code inside theelseblock withwhileandforloops is executed after executing all iterations.
And the code inside theelseblock doesnt execute when we break the loops.
What are list and dictionary comprehensions?
Answer:List and dictionary comprehensions are syntactic sugar for thefor-loops.
How does the range function work?
Answer:The range function returns the sequence of numbers between the start to stop with a step increment.
The syntax of the range function isrange(start, stop[, step]).
The default value ofstartandstepare0and1,respectively.
What are the parameters and arguments?
Answer:Parameters are the names listed in the function definition.
Arguments are the values passed to the function while invoking.
What are the different types of arguments in Python?
Answer:There are mainly four types of arguments.
They are positional arguments, default arguments, keyword arguments, and arbitrary arguments.
Positional Arguments:the normal arguments that we define in user-defined functions are called positional arguments.
All positional arguments are required while invoking the function.
Default Arguments:we can provide the value to the arguments in the function definition itself as default value.
When the user didnt pass the value, the function will consider the default value.
The keyword arguments help us to avoid ordering which is mandatory in positional arguments.
We*and**operators in the function definition to collect the arguments.
What is the lambda function?
Answer:Lambda functions are small anonymous functions in Python.
It has single expressions and accepts multiples arguments.
Whats the difference between normal function and lambda function?
Answer:The functionality of both normal functions and lambda functions are similar.
Lambda functions come in handy when there is a single expression.
What is the pass keyword used for?
Answer:Thepasskeyword is used to mention an empty block in the code.
Python doesnt allow us to leave the blocks without any code.
So, thepassstatement allows us to define empty blocks (when we decide to fill the code later).
What is a recursive function?
Answer:The function calling itself is called a recursive function.
What are packing operators in Python?
How to use them?
Answer:The packing operators are used to collect multiple arguments in functions.
They are known as arbitrary arguments.
Note:you might refer tothis articlefor more info on packing operators in Python.
What keyword is used to create classes in Python?
Answer:Theclasskeyword is used to create classes in Python.
We should follow thepascal casefor naming the classes in Python as an industry-standard practice.
How to instantiate a class in Python?
Answer:We can create an instance of a class in Python by simply calling it like function.
We can pass the required attributes for the object in the same way as we do for function arguments.
What is self in Python?
Answer:Theselfrepresents the object of the class.
Its used to enter the object attributes and methods inside the class for the particular object.
What is the init method?
Answer:The__init__is the constructor method similar to the constructors in other OOP languages.
It executes immediately when we create an object for the class.
Its used to initialize the initial data for the instance.
What is docstring in Python?
These docstrings are used in the methods of a class to describe what a certain method does.
And we can see the method docstring using thehelpmethod.
What are dunder or magic methods?
Answer:The methods having two prefix and suffix underscores are called dunder or magic methods.
They are mainly used to override the methods.
They come in handy when you want to customize the code in depth.
Explore the documentation for more info.
How do you implement inheritance in Python?
Answer:We can pass the parent class to the child class as an argument.
And we can invoke the init method parent class in the child class.
How to pull up the parent class inside the child class in Python?
Answer:We can use thesuper(), which refers to the parent class inside the child class.
And we can access attributes and methods with it.
What is an object in Python?
Answer:Everything in Python is an object.
All the data types, functions, and classes are objects.
What is the difference between is and ==?
Answer:The == operator is used to check whether two objects have the same value or not.
Theisoperator is used to check whether two objects are referring to the same memory location or not.
What is shallow and deep copy?
Shallow Copy:it creates the exact copy as the original without changing references of the objects.
Now, both copied and original objects refer to the same object references.
So, changing one object will affect the other.
Thecopymethod from thecopymodule is used for the shallow copy.
Deep Copy:it copies the values of the original object recursively into the new object.
We have to use theslicingordeepcopyfunction from thecopymodule for the deep copying.
What are iterators?
Answer:Iterators are objects in Python which remember their state of iteration.
It initializes the data with the__iter__method and returns the next element using the__next__method.
We need to call thenext(iterator)to get the next element from the iterator.
And we can convert a sequence data key in to an iterator using theiterbuilt-in method.
What are generators?
Answer:Generators are the functions that return an iterator like a generator object.
It uses theyieldto generate the data.
What are Python namespaces?
Answer:Consider your phones contact list as a namespace.
What is encapsulation?
Answer:Consider a modern secure door lock system.
The locks inner mechanisms, such as the electronic keypad and motorized bolt, are encapsulated within the lock.
Users interact with the lock through a keypad or a mobile app.
By encapsulating the locks mechanics, users can enjoy a user-friendly experience.
They can securely control access to their property without handling the technical complexities within the lock itself.
Encapsulation ensures efficient and secure door control.
This practice enhances data protection, code maintainability, and overall software design.
Explain what inheritance is and its types.
Answer:Inheritance allows programmers to create a class that can acquire the methods and attributes of another class.
Explain polymorphism in Python.
Answer:Polymorphism in Python is one name and many jobs.
Its like a tool with different uses depending on whats needed.
Handles different data and instructions.
Imagine that you have a program that deals with different shapes, like circles and rectangles.
You want to calculate their areas.
Instead of creating separate functions for each shape, thats where polymorphism comes in place.
This way, it’s possible for you to handle different shapes using a unified approach.
Explain multithreading in Python.
Answer:Multithreading means a processor doing many tasks at once.
Even on a basic, one-part CPU, it handles this by quickly switching between tasks.
Pythons threading module makes it easy to use multiple threads.
Its like having different workers working together in a program.
Heres a quick example:
Explain how Python manages memory.
Answer:Memory management in Python is a private storage location where all Python elements and structures are stored.
This behind-the-scenes manager is divided into several parts, each addressing a different memory management aspect.
Is Python case-sensitive?
Answer:Yes, Python is a case-sensitive language.
What is the Pythonpath?
Think of it as a map for Python to navigate through its world.
What are Python modules, packages, and libraries?
Modules:A Python module is like a labeled box for your code stuff.
It keeps functions, classes, and things you want to remember.
you’re free to also put code inside it that runs.
Its like having tidy boxes for your code tools, making your programming easier.
Packages:Packages are collections of related modules grouped together in a directory hierarchy.
They allow you to organize your code on a higher level.
A package can contain both modules and sub-packages.
This helps in creating more structured and organized projects.
Libraries:A library is a collection of modules and packages.
Libraries can be built-in (provided by Python itself) or externally (created by other developers).
make it sound simple and understandable.
What are classifiers?
For instance, lets say you have a bunch of fruitsapples, bananas, and oranges.
Each fruit has features like color, shape, and size.
A classifier, in this case, would be like a fruit identifier.
It examines the characteristics and decides whether a fruit is an apple, a banana, or an orange.
What is the scope in Python?
Answer:In Python, scope and namespace go hand in hand.
Scope decides where a name works in your program.
Picture it like areas where a name makes sense.
These areas are kept track of using dictionaries, like lists that match names with things.
These lists are called namespaces.
What is scope resolution?
Answer:Scope resolution stands as a vital idea in Python.
It decides how the program figures out variables and names as you write your code.
This whole process shapes where you’re able to use variables in your program.
Knowing how Python handles scopes is critical to creating code thats neat, fast, and without glitches.
What are the important features of Python?
Answer:Python is an OOP language that offers numerous features to lighten the load for developers.
Answer:Operators are employed to carry out actions on variables and values.
Answer:In Pandas, the join operation combines two or more DataFrames based on their indexes or columns.
What are unit tests in Python?
We pick one thing, like a function, and test it separately.
What is unpickling and pickling?
What are decorators in Python?
Decorators are typically used before you define a function you want to improve.
How to use decorators in Python?
How does the // operator work in Python?
Answer:It is referred to as the Floor Division Operator and falls under the Arithmetic Operator category.
This operator conducts division and subsequently rounds down the result to the closest whole number.
Heres an example to provide you with a quick understanding of its functionality.
How is the pass statement used in Python?
Answer:The pass statement is like a stand-in for future code.
This rule applies to places like loops, functions, classes, and if statements.
Mention types of sequences in Python.
Answer:In Python, sequences are like ordered lists of items you could work with.
Explain monkey patching in Python.
Answer:Monkey patching in Python involves changing how a module or class behaves while the program is running.
When might you use monkey patching?
Discuss the difference between Del and Remove().
It removes an item from a list by specifying its index.
You provide the index of the element you want to remove.
It doesnt return the removed element; it just removes it from the list.
remove()is a list method.
It removes an element from the list by specifying its value.
You provide the actual value of the element you want to remove.
It searches for the first occurrence of the specified value and removes it.
If the value doesnt exist in the list, it raises a ValueError.
Discuss the difference between append() and extend().
What Is the difference between range() and xrange() functions?
Discuss the difference between Python 2.x and Python 3.x.
Answer:Python 2.x and Python 3.x are distinct versions of the Python programming language.
Discuss the difference between .py and .pyc files.
Answer:PY files serve as containers for the human-readable source code of a Python program.
They hold the instructions, logic, and algorithms that developers write.
However, when Python code is executed, it goes through an intermediate step for optimization and faster execution.
This is where .pyc files come into play.
What is the split() function in Python?
By default, it uses whitespace as the separator.
What is the help() function?
Answer:The help() function in Python provides information about a given object when invoked.
It accepts an optional parameter and furnishes relevant details.
In the absence of an argument, it reveals the Python help console.
What is the join() function?
What is the sub() function?
Answer:The sub() function is a part of Pythons Regular Expressions (re) module.
It furnishes a string in which all instances matching the specified pattern are substituted with the provided replacement string.
What is the dir() function?
What does an object() do?
The object jot down is the base class for all classes in Python.
What is PEP 8?
What are *args and *kwargs?
Answer:*args allows passing a flexible count of arguments without keywords, enabling tuple operations.
What is a Numpy array?
Answer:A numpy array is a matrix of uniform values accessed using a tuple of non-negative integers.
Discuss the difference between Matrices and Arrays.
Answer:Matrices are structured as rows and columns, primarily containing numerical values.
They excel in linear algebra tasks like matrix multiplication and solving systems of linear equations.
Arrays, while versatile, can have various data types beyond numbers, making them essential for general-purpose programming.
Discuss the difference between a list and a tuple.
Answer:Tuples and lists differ primarily in their mutability.
Tuples are static and cannot be modified, while lists can undergo changes.
Discuss the difference between NumPy and SciPy.
Answer:NumPy and SciPy are both Python libraries used extensively for scientific and numerical computing.
They are often used together to cover a wide spectrum of numerical and scientific computing needs in Python.
How to add values and remove values to an array in Python?
Answer:In Python, arrays can be easily manipulated using lists, a fundamental data structure.
Additionally, the del statement can be used to remove elements by index or to wipe the entire list.
These techniques provide flexible means to modify arrays, adapting them to specific programming needs.
For more complex array operations, libraries like NumPy offer advanced functionalities.
How do you create a class in Python?
The class body is indented and contains the attributes and methods that define the class.
How to find the Euclidean distance between two series in Python?
This function computes the Euclidean distance by evaluating the norm between the vectors created from x and y values.
Explain how to swap out a substring with a new string in Python.
Answer:Utilize the replace() method for substituting substrings.
Indicate the original string old as the initial parameter and the replacement string new as the second parameter.
To eliminate old, set new as an empty string .
Explain how to copy objects in Python.
Answer:In Python, the = operator is employed to create a replica of an object.
Nonetheless, it can be mistakenly interpreted as producing an entirely new object, which is not accurate.
Instead, it produces a new variable that references the same object as the original.
How can I read and write files in Python?
What are the different modes available for file processing?
Answer:The open() function allows you to specify different modes for file processing.
Can you write a Python program to reverse a list?
Its enhanced capabilities activate the creation of compelling visuals with remarkable ease.
What is a pandas dataframe?
Answer:A Pandas DataFrame is like a flexible table for data.
It has rows and columns, and you could change its size.
How to combine data frames in Pandas?
What is a flask?
What is Django?
Answer:Django is a Python-based web framework that enables the rapid development of secure and maintainable websites.
It operates under the model-template-views architectural model and is available as an open-source resource.
Mention some advantages of Django.
Explain Django architecture.
This structure promotes clean separation of concerns, simplifying web app development.
What is a Django session?
What is GIL?
In Python, a single thread is usually employed to execute a sequence of coded instructions.
This implies that only one thread can execute at a time within Python.
What is PIP?
Answer:PIP, short for Pip Installs Packages, is a package installer for Python.
Conclusion
Questions are not limited, as we see in this article.
This article shows how different types of questions can be asked from various topics inPython.
However, its not limited to the set of questions that we have discussed in this article.
One way to be prepared while learning is to question yourself on different topics.
make a run at make different types of questions from a concept.
And answer them yourself.
This way, you probably wont surprise by the questions in the interview.
it’s possible for you to also check out theonline Python compilerto practice the code.
All the best for your upcoming Python Interview!
